Former Head of State, General Yakubu Gowon, has firmly stated that military governance has no place in Nigeria's future, emphasizing that democracy remains the best system for national development despite its imperfections.
Speaking at the launch of a book titled "Military Factor in Nigerian History, 1960–2018" in Abuja, Gowon reflected on the complex role the military has played in shaping Nigeria's political landscape. The book was unveiled by the Historical Society of Nigeria (HSN) as part of its 70th anniversary celebrations.
"The era of military governance is and must remain behind us. Democracy, despite its imperfections, provides the best framework for national development and popular participation," Gowon declared during his address as the event's chairman.
The former military leader called on the armed forces to strictly adhere to their constitutional responsibilities, stating: "The armed forces must fully embrace their constitutional role as defenders of the nation's territorial integrity, not as administrators or political actors."
A Complex Legacy
Gowon described the military's historical role in Nigeria as neither entirely heroic nor villainous, but rather a "complex narrative" intertwined with the nation's journey. He acknowledged both positive and negative aspects of military intervention in governance.
"With the wisdom that comes from age and reflection, I believe the answer lies somewhere in between. On one hand, the military preserved national unity during the civil war. We built infrastructure, created states to bring the government closer to the people, and at times restored order when civilian structures faltered," he noted.
Gowon also highlighted the armed forces' contributions to international peacekeeping efforts across Africa and beyond.
However, he candidly acknowledged the downsides of military rule: "On the other hand, I must acknowledge that military rule stifled democratic development, sometimes violated civil liberties, and created structures that enabled corruption."
The former Head of State specifically referred to the military's interruption of Nigeria's democratic journey in 1966 and 1983, as well as the annulment of the June 12, 1993 elections, describing them as "dark chapters in our history that we must confront honestly."
Lessons from the Civil War
Reflecting on the Nigerian Civil War, Gowon described it as "the most painful episode in Nigeria history," but one that "ultimately reaffirmed our commitment to national unity."
Modern Military's Role
Addressing contemporary security challenges, Gowon advocated for a modern, intelligence-driven military that is integrated into civilian life rather than standing apart from it.
"The military should not stand apart from the people but should be seen as an essential component of the national fabric, working in tandem with civilian authorities," he emphasized.
The former leader stressed the importance of the military continuing to strengthen both national defense capabilities and regional security cooperation, focusing on their constitutional mandate rather than governance.
